Seed germination signals the start of the life cycle of a plant, with a dormant seed developing into an active seedling poised for growth. This session will examine the detailed physiology, molecular, and environmental controls of the process. The participant will discover the implications of water imbibition, oxygen availability, and temperature in dormancy release and commencement of metabolic activity. The session focuses on the hormonal control of germination, specifically the antagonistic actions of gibberellins and abscisic acid. Later research on permeability of seed coats, activation of enzymes, and mobilization of food storage will also be presented. Researchers will report on how environmental signals like light and soil conditions affect the timing of germination to help facilitate the survival of the plant. Practical topics will encompass techniques for breaking seed dormancy in crops to achieve uniform germination. Seed vigor testing and improvement methods such as priming and coating will receive special emphasis. The effects of climate change on seed viability and germination percentage will be discussed by experts. Biotechnological methods for designing seeds with enhanced stress tolerance will also be discussed. This course will be worth it for botanists, agronomists, and crop scientists who want to learn more about the initiation of plant growth.