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Plant Immunity and Defense Mechanisms

Plants have evolved advanced immune systems that shield them against various pathogens and pests. During this session, the molecular mechanisms of plant defense will be discussed, encompassing recognition by receptor-like proteins and triggering of innate immunity. The expertise will be shared on the functions of pattern recognition receptors, effector-triggered immunity, and systemic acquired resistance. Case studies will illustrate how plants deploy chemical defenses like phytoalexins, secondary metabolites, and reactive oxygen species. We will emphasize signaling pathways through salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene in the coordination of defense responses. The session will also discuss plant priming and induced resistance strategies that reinforce resilience but without genetic alteration. Novel tools for engineering disease resistance will be presented, such as synthetic biology strategies and molecular breeding. Participants will get a glimpse of ecological dimensions of plant defense, such as co-evolution with pathogens and helpful microbes. This session will offer a comprehensive perspective of plant immunity and its central position in sustainable crop defense.

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