Drought tolerance is an essential characteristic for plants subjected to water limitation under climatic change. This session will consider physiological, morphological, and molecular changes that facilitate survival during drought. Participants will be taught about stomatal control, osmotic regulation, and deep root systems as mechanisms of coping with drought. The session focuses on ABA signaling as the key player in responses to drought stress. Researchers will discuss case studies of drought-tolerant genotypes in major crops. Participants will be enlightened on genetic and molecular control of drought responses. Water-use efficiency as a major characteristic in sustainable agriculture will also be addressed during the session. There are practical applications such as breeding and biotechnological strategies to enhance drought tolerance. Participants will understand how drought phenotyping aids in the identification of resilient varieties. Ecological strategies of drought-adapted species are also featured by the session. Through the combination of physiology, genetics, and breeding for application, this session provides answers to ensuring crop yields in water-scarce conditions.