Plant biochemistry gives a molecular-level view of how energy is produced by plants, macromolecules are constructed, and stress is tolerated. This session will deal with primary metabolism, namely photosynthesis, respiration, and carbohydrate metabolism, and secondary metabolism yielding alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and other specialized molecules. Speakers will present the function of critical enzymes and cofactors in controlling metabolic flux and efficiency of energy. Discussions will revolve around biochemical control of growth, development, and environmental responses. Case studies on biochemistry of stress tolerance, nutrient uptake, and defense compound biosynthesis will be conducted. The session will further address integration of biochemistry with molecular biology, which facilitates metabolic engineering of crops. Participants will learn about cutting-edge tools like metabolomics, enzyme assays, and isotopic tracing. Its applications in agriculture, medicine, and the production of biofuels will be emphasized. The session as a whole will give an overview of how biochemical networks support plant life and how the networks can be exploited for innovation towards biotechnology and sustainable agriculture.